Opto Engineering® - 20 years
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Image quality and distortion

In the world of machine vision, image quality is key. But which factors contribute to achieving exceptional image quality?

First, let’s talk about aberrations, the imperfections that can distort an image. Aberrations can cause blurring, color fringing, and other distortions, affecting the clarity and sharpness of the image.

One form of aberrations is physical aberrations. This is the homogeneity of optical materials and surfaces. This is the first requirement to achieve optimal focusing of light rays and proper image formation. Dust and dirt are examples of physical aberrations that can degrade a lens' performance and should thus be avoided as much as possible.

Next, we have distortion, the alteration of the image’s shape or proportions. Distortion can make straight lines appear curved or objects appear stretched or compressed, affecting the accuracy and realism of the image.

In an ideal scenario, a perfect lens would only alter the size of a square element, preserving its geometric properties. However, real lenses inevitably introduce geometric distortion, often radially symmetric. This distortion typically manifests as barrel or pincushion distortion.

Finally, contrast plays a crucial role in image quality by enhancing the distinction between light and dark areas. Adequate contrast ensures that details are clearly defined, and the image appears vibrant and lifelike.

So, whether it's minimizing aberrations, correcting distortion, or optimizing contrast, attention to these factors is essential for achieving exceptional image quality.